I confess to a certain surprise at the way that Massimo D’Alema is climbing up the list of candidates for the post of European Union foreign policy chief. At first sight the former Italian prime minister and foreign minister ticks far too few boxes to get the job. But there are, in truth, some straightforward reasons for his ascent – none of which reflects well on the EU.
First, the unticked boxes. 1) His communist past. This is usually condensed into: “He’s a former communist and therefore unacceptable to Poland and other EU countries, which suffered under Soviet domination while the Italian communist party was gorging itself on covert funds from Moscow.” In fairness, D’Alema abandoned communism 20 years ago. I spent five years in Rome covering Italian politics, and he never struck me as an extremist or a hardliner. Quite the opposite: he was highly pragmatic, in a shifty kind of way.
2) His opinions of the US. D’Alema isn’t foolishly anti-American, but he has more than a few traces in him of that quintessential European personality, the austere leftwing intellectual who drips with cultural disdain for the US. This could be a real risk for the EU. If as EU foreign policy supremo he were to make critical remarks about the US in public, European influence in Washington would be killed stone dead – and there would be bitter recriminations in the 27-nation EU, making a mockery of the entire idea of a common foreign policy.
3) His linguistic skills. These days it would be crazy for the EU to have a foreign policy chief who doesn’t speak fluent English. D’Alema has picked up some over the years, but not enough. “He has Italian waiter’s French and not much English,” says one EU minister who has known him during his various spells in the Italian government.
4) The domestic Italian political factor. You have to ask yourself, why is Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi so eager to promote the candidacy of D’Alema, his political adversary? A little history is needed here. Back in 1996-2001 Berlusconi completely outmanoeuvred D’Alema in a lengthy set of negotiations over Italian constitutional reform that ended up going nowhere – to Berlusconi’s benefit. It must have crossed Berlusconi’s mind that D’Alema is quite capable of self-destructing in the EU foreign policy job, something that would damage his career and strengthen Berlusconi’s grip on the Italian political scene.
So why is D’Alema’s star on the rise? One reason is that France and Germany have never shown much interest in getting the foreign policy job (they prefer powerful economic posts on the incoming European Commission). Meanwhile, the UK persists in its stubborn support for Tony Blair as the EU’s first full-time president, thereby reducing the chances that David Miliband could become the foreign policy supremo. The behaviour of France, Germany and the UK has left a vacuum that has been filled by Italy, the EU’s fourth-ranking power.
The other reason is that D’Alema has the backing of Europe’s socialist parties. The key player in this game is Martin Schulz, the German who chairs the centre-left group in the European Parliament. Schulz is exploiting D’Alema’s candidacy for his wider purposes, which include maximising the legislature’s power relative to the EU governments and the Commission, increasing the left’s voice in Europe and consolidating his personal authority over the European centre-left.
It’s all pretty unedifying. Whatever happened to the idea that Europe’s top jobs should go to the best qualified candidates?
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