Serbia’s slow road to the EU

July 22nd, 2008 10:10am

The European Union can hardly contain its pleasure at the arrest of Radovan Karadzic, the murderous Bosnian Serb leader who was picked up in Serbia on Monday after 11 years on the run. For all those who believe the best way to ensure long-term stability in former Yugoslavia is to accelerate Serbia’s path to EU membership, Karadzic’s arrest was cause for celebration. 

The arrest appears to vindicate the EU’s strategy over the past year of overtly supporting pro-EU political forces in Belgrade. The aim is twofold: to neutralise the militant nationalists who have poisoned Serbian public life for the past 20 years, and to persuade Serbian voters that their best hope of a decent future lies in aligning their country with the EU.

This strategy, so it is argued, helped secure victory in last February’s Serbian presidential election for Boris Tadic, the pro-EU incumbent. Likewise, the signing of an EU-Serbia pre-accession agreement in late April is said to have tipped the balance in favour of the pro-EU camp in Serbia’s parliamentary elections two weeks later.

The implementation of the pre-accession accord requires Serbia to be certified as being in full co-operation with the UN war crimes tribunal in The Hague. Two war crimes suspects - Ratko Mladic, the Bosnian Serb wartime general, and Goran Hadzic, the Krajina Serb leader - are still fugitives. But Karadzic’s arrest is an undeniable breakthrough and deserves a reward. It is not impossible that Serbia will be declared an official candidate for EU membership before the end of this year or in 2009.

Before the celebrations get out of hand, however, we need to recall that Serbia faces formidable obstacles on its road to the EU. One is its readiness in terms of economic performance, the rule of law and its ability to meet a vast range of EU technical standards.

Another concerns Kosovo, whose secession from Serbia and declaration of independence in February has been recognised by most EU countries but is rejected even by the most pro-EU politicians in Belgrade. The Serbia-Kosovo dispute is very far from settled. The EU will think twice before repeating the mistake it made with Cyprus in 2004 and admitting a country in advance of a solution to its internal political and territorial quarrels.

Lastly, French President Nicolas Sarkozy and German Chancellor Angela Merkel have stated flatly that further expansion of the EU is out of the question until the Lisbon treaty on institutional reform comes into effect. In other words, the door will be blocked to Serbia until Ireland reverses its rejection of the Lisbon treaty in last month’s referendum.

Putting pressure on an island in north-western Europe seems a curious way to go about promoting stability in south-eastern Europe. But perhaps for now we should just be happy that Karadzic is behind bars.

In praise of Frankfurt

April 2nd, 2008 12:31pm

What a pleasure it was to attend a conference on sovereign wealth funds today at the magnificent Palais d’Egmont in Brussels. There we were, listening to a prominent Kuwaiti banker as he described the activities of the Kuwaiti Investment Authority, often regarded as the oldest sovereign fund of them all.

All of a sudden, a French participant livened things up by asking why the Kuwaitis, when they set up shop back in the 1950s, had chosen London rather than some other foreign city as their base. Smooth as silk, the Kuwaiti replied that, well, after all, as a top banker you needed to be in a city “where you can have some fun … not like Frankfurt, for example.”

Quick as a flash the French lady retorted: “What about Paris?”

What about Paris indeed, I thought, my heart racing.

But since I was moderating the discussion, I decided to put in a word for Frankfurt, surely the most mocked financial capital in European history (mocked, of course, not as a business location but for being far too dull for energetic young bond salesmen, equity analysts and other whizz kids of our times).

I had spent four years in Frankfurt for the FT, I recalled, and there was no way I would forget all the fun I had enjoyed there. Yes, sirree. It was on April 10.

Schengen moves

October 14th, 2007 11:57am

One of the big upcoming stories in EU-land is the planned expansion of the union’s passport-free zone by the year-end.

It’s a tough task for the nine (almost all ex-Communist) countries to meet the criteria to join the Schengen area. (There are no internal frontier controls between member states that sign up to Schengen). In Wednesday’s paper, we wrote about the progress of the countries vying to join. The confidential report that we saw shows that a lot of work is still needed - especially on improving visa issuance. But some countries, notably Poland, have made great strides.

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Wisdom and the Turkish question

October 1st, 2007 8:50am

Nicolas Sarkozy’s  proposal for a "wise men’s committee " to meditate on the European Union’s long-term future, and to report back in the first half of 2009, is ruffling all sorts of feathers around the EU. As Margot Wallström, the European Commission vice-president responsible for communication strategy, put it the other day: "Wise men? What about the wise women? And since this group is expected to work out solutions for the future of Europe, should we not involve young people?"

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Romania’s less than glittering prize

October 30th, 2006 6:48pm

Poor Romania. After decades of communist dictatorship and a bloody, violent revolution the country finally managed the transition to democracy. It endured years of economic and political upheaval, rising crime and the exodus of young and talented workers to the rich countries of western Europe.
Month by month, the government inched its way towards membership of the European Union. It enacted all 85,000 pages of EU law. It rolled out the red carpet every time a lowly bureaucrat from Brussels came to visit. It sat through long nights of negotiations to sort out the country’s farm budget and clean up the state aid regime.
At last, Romanians thought they had made it. The country is now only two months away from becoming a fully paid-up member of the Union, with its own seat at the table and its very own commissioner in Brussels.

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Bulgaria gets its own Borat

October 4th, 2006 2:43pm

The British comedian Sacha Baron Cohen (aka Ali G) has caused a diplomatic storm with his latest film lampooning the central Asian state of Kazakhstan. His creation Borat, a fake TV reporter, was denounced by Nursultan Nazarbayev’s man in London, Erlan Idrissov  on Wednesday.
He attacks Borat for saying that in his country women are kept in cages, and that wives can be bought from their fathers for 15 gallons of insecticide.

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Gyurcsany’s full and frank disclosures

September 20th, 2006 2:21pm

When I interviewed Hungary’s new prime minister, Ferenc Gyurcsany, in 2004 his opening gambit was: "Call me Frank." Ironic, really. But Mr Gyurcsany’s admission that he won an election through bare-faced deceit - recorded on tape as he spoke to socialist MPs about the need to face up to painful reforms - has won him a surprising amount of support around Brussels.
His speech was one of the most intriguing, passionate and honest political tracts you will ever read - even if it was delivered by a serial liar. Mr Gyurcsany’s plea for reforms of the economy and public services should stand as a template for other EU countries grappling with globalisation. "Reform or fall - there is no other choice," as he put it, could be a motto for much of Europe.
With such a clear-sighted view of what needs to be done, no wonder Joaqun Almunia, the EU monetary affairs commissioner, privately hopes the Hungarian prime minister will survive politically to deliver on the rhetoric.

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